Elevator



3 Sheets-Sheet 1. B. B. REYES.

Elevator. No. 226,077 Patented Mar. 30, 1880 T B-B-KEYES ELEVATOR CO.

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I 3 Sheets-Sheet; 2

B. B. KEYES.

Elevator. No. 226,077

Patented Mar. 30, 1880,

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

B. B. KEYES Elevator.

Patented Mar. 30, 1880.

UNIT D STATES PATENT FFlCE.

BENJAMIN B. KEYES, OF CHELSEA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF OF HIS RIGHT TO JOHN S. POTTER, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELEVATOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 226,077, dated March 30, 1880.

Application filed July 30, 1879.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, BENJAMIN B. KEYEs, of Chelsea, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elevators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of elevators in which the car or platform is raised or lowered by means of one or more ropes wound upon a drum, the rotation of which winds or unwinds the rope or ropes, and thereby raises or lowers the car or platform.

The objects of my invention are to prevent accidents occurring by overloading the car or from the breaking of the ropes, belts, pulleys, or other portions of the elevator mechanism, which will permit the car or platform to fall at a higher or greater rate of speed than designed; and it consists in the construction,

combination, and arrangement of a safetywheel with the main or drum shaft of the elevator, whereby, if the speed from any cause should exceed the speed designed, or if said shaft and wheel should attain a greater num- 2 5 bar of revolutions per minute, a centrifugal weight will be brought in contact with certain mechanical devices, so as to operate the shipper instantly and guide the belt upon the loose pulley, thereby stopping the descent of 0 the platform or car; and it further consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of coiled steel or other springs with the main shaft, which has longitudinal movement imparted to it in case the car or platform 5 should be overloaded, such springs thereby yielding or compressing sufficiently to allow longitudinal movement of the main or driving shaft to operate mechanism so as to ship the belt upon the loose pulley, and thus pre- 0 vent the movement of the car or platform in either direction until the overload or extra weight shall have been removed therefrom, thereby operating as a safety-guard in case of anymistake as to the extreme weight designed 4 5 to be carried or when the weight of the load is underestimated 5 and it further consists in certain details of construction hereinafter more fully described and set forth.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an elevided at one end with the journal bearing or j through or near the car or platform, so as to vator constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the reverse side of I the same. Fig. 3, is a similar view of one end of the same. Fig. 4 is-a longitudinal vertical section taken through Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the driving-shaft, pulleys, and beltshipping mechanism. Fig. 6 is an elevation of a portion of the belt-shipping mechanism detached. Fig. 7 is a perspective View of the belt-shipping mechanism, showing both devices. Fig. 8 shows an end elevation of a portion enlarged and detached from Fig. 3. Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a portion enlarged and detached from Fig. 3.

A represents the bed of the elevator, pro- 5 box B, and at the opposite end with the journal-bearing B, and about midway with the bearing B. Within these bearings are placed the main driving-shaft H, provided with loose pulleys G O and fixed pulley D, and brakewheel D, and the screw or worm-gear E meshing into the main gear-wheel F, which is per manently connected to the rope-drum G, as usual.

Connected to the top of the car or platform by one end is a wire rope or ropes, (not shown,) and connected at the other end to the drum G, so as to be wound upon the same when the car or platform is to be elevated to the various floors of a building, and unwound therefrom when the same is to be lowered by movement of the shipper-wheel Z, which is actuated by the shipper-rope I, which passes through the elevator well-hole from top to bottom, and

8 enable the operator to ship either the straight 5 or cross belt from the loose pulleys O or G to the driving-pulley D, so as to carry the car or platform up or down, as desired, in the manner heretofore.

Now, in order to prevent the car or platform being overloaded, so as to endanger the breaking of the suspension-ropes, I have provided automatic shipping mechanism, which is actuated by longitudinal movement of the main shaft H, which has a bearing at one end upon a steel disk or friction-plates, a, one of which contacts with the end of the coiled steel spring b, which is compressed within its socket 0 when the weight of the car or platform is suspended by the rope wound upon the drum G; but in case the weight of the car or platform is removed therefrom through any cause the spring I) will elongate, so as to force the main driving-shaft H back longitudinally, and thereby operate the shipping mechanism so as to stop the drum, as hereinafter described; and in case the weight placed upon the car or platform should be excessive or more than can be elevated with safety the socket 0 will be forced against the plate (I, which has a bearing upon the ends of the coiled steel springs e e, which are supported in position at the end of the bed A by screw-bolts f f, which pass through the same and within the springs e e, and are secured by nuts 1 g bearing upon the plate h, as shown in Fig. 5.

At about mid-length of the main shaft H is secured a disk or wheel, 1', which revolves within the bifurcated end of the lever k, pivoted to the bed A, and provided with several holes, into one of which is secured the vertical standard it, upon the upper end of which rests the horizontal weighted arm 1, the opposite end of which is connected to a socket-piece supporting double spring-pawls T, which on gage with the teeth of the ratchet 0, secured to the horizontal rod 5, which has secured to its opposite end the vertical shipper t, the upper end of which has contact within the groove a, formed in the periphery of the hub 12' of the loose gear J, which is driven by the gear W, keyed upon the shaft N, and which is provided upon its inner face with a clutch-gear or teeth, m, which engage with similar teeth upon the outward face of the gear K, keyed upon the shaft L, journaled in the upright supports A. This gear K connects with the loose gear M upon the shaft N, also journaled in the supports A, and which shaft N also carries the mainlarge gear-wheel F, connected to one side of the rope-drum G, and which is driven by the screw or wormgear E upon the main shaft H.

Thus it will be seen that when the loose gear J is actuated so as to engage with the gears K and M motion is communicated to the shipperwheels P, so as to cause their teeth to to slide the shipper-rack bars It, and thus ship the belt upon the loose pulley C, and thus prevent the car or platform being elevated until aportion of the load has been removed, so as to allow the main shaftH to revolvein that position designed for safety when the elevator is in operation.

Now, in order to provide a safetyguard against accidents occurring by too great speed being given to the main shaft H and elevator through any cause, I have provided such shaft with a safety-wheel, Q, which has connected to its periphery a centrifugal weight, S, which is held in its normal position by a steel spring, T, connecting the same in such manner that when the said wheel G shall attain a greater number of revolutions per minute than is designed for safety the said weight S will, by its momentum, act upon the spring T so as to project itself farther from the periphery of the wheel G, and thereby come into contact with the end of the horizontal adjustable screw-bolt U, which projects from the vertical hinged standard V, and thus force it out of position, so as to let fallthe weighted arm 1'), connected to a socket-piece supporting the double springpawls 7", which engage with the teeth of the ratchet 0, secured to the horizontal rod 8, as shown in Fig. 6, so as to actuate it, and thus operate the shipping mechanism as before de-' scribed in the operation of the longitudinal movement of the main shaft H.

In order to insure a uniform relative position to be maintained between the teeth at upon the shipper rack-bars R and the teeth 20 upon the shipper-wheels P, I form the teeth 10 with their extreme ends one-eighth of an inch greater radius than the periphery of the said wheels P, upon which they are formed, and further provide rectangular shoulders j, which contact with the outer surfaces of the two outer teeth, :17, upon the shipper rack-bars R, these with the peculiar curves at extending each side of the said teeth, as shown in Fig. 9, and which contact with a portion of the wheels P at each side of their teeth 10 as the shipper rack bars R' slide back and forth in the operation of shipping the belts in all cases.

It will be obvious that a weight or weights may be substituted for the coiled steel springs c e, and thus serve the same purpose as contemplated by that part of my invention, and that springs may be connected with the ends of the arms I and p in such manner as to accomplish the same result as with the weights shown attached thereto, and, as such changes and others of a similar nature are well-known mechanical equivalents, I will not describe such more in detail.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is--- 1. In combination with the main shaft H, r

the friction-plates a, spring I), sockets 0, plates (1 andh, and springs 0, adapted to allow horizontal movement of said shaft, whereby the shipping mechanism is operated automatically, as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with the main shaft H, the wheel 1', bifurcated lever k, standard a, horizontal arm l, double spring-pawls 1', and ratchet 0, connected with the rod 8, so as to operate the shipping mechanism automatically by the horizontal movement of the main shaft H, as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In combination with the main shaft H, the safety-wheel Q, having the self adjusting centrifugal weight S, the horizontal adjustable screw U, vertical hinged standard V, arm 1), double spring-pa-wls 1", and ratchet 0', connected with the rod 8, so as to operate the shipping mechanism automatically by the irregular movement between the said wheels speed of the main shaft H, as and for the pur- P and reek-bars R, as and for the purposes poses set forth. set forth.

4. The extended teeth 10 upon the shipper- BENJAMIN B. KEYES. 5 wheels P, having the corners j, in comloina- Witnesses:

tion with the shipper rack-bars R, having the SYLVENUs WALKER,

peculiar curves 41; shown, so as to prevent H. S. TALBOT. 

